Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is employed to assess both pathological and functional changes in the heart and pulmonary circulation, although it is not typically utilized in routine medical practice. The method is particularly valuable for confirming the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart defects or thromboembolism of the branches of the pulmonary artery.
One of the primary advantages of MRI is its three-dimensional (volumetric) imaging capability, free from artifacts caused by bones and lung fields. It boasts high spatial resolution, avoids radiation exposure, is non-invasive, and provides natural contrast from moving blood. MRI is frequently employed in the examination of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PPH), pulmonary embolism, and congenital heart defects featuring left-to-right shunting.