EchoCG (echocardiogram)

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Disease history Causes of the disease Types of pulmonary hypertension Symptoms Diagnostics ECG (electrocardiogram) EchoCG (echocardiogram) X-ray of the chest organs Lung function and blood gas testing CT (computed tomography) Pulmonary artery and right heart catheterization MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) Angiopulmography Ultrasound of internal organs Blood tests and immunological parameters 6-Minute Walk Test (6-MW) Cardiopulmonary stress test Life with PH Contraception and pregnancy

Echocardiography (ECHOCG) is one of the most informative methods for diagnosing pulmonary hypertension, as well as hypertrophy and dilatation of the right heart, and hemodynamic disorders. The echocardiography method is used to diagnose valvular heart defects, myocardial diseases, and congenital defects leading to the development of pulmonary hypertension. Based on the degree of tricuspid regurgitation, the mean pulmonary artery pressure is calculated (modified Bernoulli equation). The method of non-invasive assessment of pulmonary artery pressure correlates with the pressure value measured during catheterization of the right heart and pulmonary artery. They are done to examine the vessels and cavities of the heart, and determine the speed of blood flow in the pulmonary artery system. Using this diagnostic method, it is possible to exclude lesions of the mitral and aortic valves, myocardial diseases, congenital defects with shunting of blood from left to right, leading to the development of PH.

Tricuspid regurgitation is detected in the majority of patients with PH (74%). Studies have established a correlation (0.57-0.93) between pressure measured by echocardiography and during catheterization of the right heart and pulmonary artery.

Systolic pressure in the right ventricle in healthy people aged 1-89 years is 28±5 mmHg. (15-57 mmHg) and increases with age and body mass index. Soft PH can be set at 36-50 mmHg. or tricuspid regurgitation speed of 2.8-3.4 m/sec.

In patients with PH, dilation of the cavities of the right atrium and right ventricle (RV), thickening of the anterior wall of the RV is detected, the nature of the movement of the interventricular septum changes: in systole it shifts “paradoxically” towards the right ventricle. Intravenous administration of saline makes it possible to identify a patent foramen ovale, an ASD such as the venous sinus. To confirm the presence of a patent foramen ovale or a small ASD and to assess its exact size, transesophageal echocardiography is required.

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