CT (computed tomography)

High-resolution computed tomography with contrast of pulmonary vessels is utilized to evaluate the condition of the vessels, heart, and pulmonary fields. This method is crucial in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension, particularly in cases involving damage to the pulmonary parenchyma caused by pulmonary emphysema and interstitial pulmonary diseases. Contrast imaging of the vascular bed reveals signs of pulmonary circulation disorders resulting from thromboembolism in the branches of the pulmonary artery.

Layered images of the chest organs exhibit enlarged pulmonary arteries, along with manifestations of heart and lung diseases associated with pulmonary hypertension.

In cases of congestive left ventricular failure, the "ground glass" phenomenon and thickening of the interlobular septa may be observed. A diffuse bilateral thickening of interlobular septa and the presence of small, poorly defined focal shadows indicate left cardiac heart failure. CT allows for an assessment of the pulmonary fields, as well as the heart and blood vessels, through contrast-enhanced visualization of the heart cavities and blood vessel lumens following the intravenous administration of 80-120 ml of contrast agent. In the case of chronic thromboembolism, a CT scan may reveal complete occlusion of the pulmonary artery or its branches, along with eccentric defects caused by thrombosis or recanalized thrombi.